Stermerfarm, I wouldn't mess with the TC right away. If I did, I'd first mark its insertion depth so that I could return to the same position. If not in far enough, the stove won't detect ignition, and it would shut down soon after the ignition cycle. Because a flame can be maintained, however awkwardly, I wouldn't suspect the TC yet.
Now, about the need to keep the door open. That's not a common solution. Makes me wonder if the stove needs air. If so, that can be provided temporarily and in a safer manner by opening the ash drawer a tad. That still doesn't address ther root cause. It could be blockage in the vent path. Usually, its easier to dial in midrange, near heat level 4.